Genki L14 Grammar
ほしい
It is used to express “I want something” in Japanese, It is conjugated similar to い-adjective
Example
- 新車がほしい — I want a new car
- お金がほしいーI want money
- そのJ-ポップのアルバムがほしいーI want that JPOP Album
- その帽子がほしくないーI don’t want that hat.
We can also express what other people want using ほしい
Example
- 彼女はワイトデーにチョ コレートが四 個ほしいと言っていました ーShe said that she want four boxes of chocolate on white day
You can also use ほしがっていますfor expressing if someone wants something
〜かもしれません
It is used to express the probability of something. It is similar to でしょう or だろう in its shortform. It has the least importance when compared the でしょう or だろう.
Usage
- いーadj(Present,affirmative) + かもしれません
- なーadj(Present,affirmative) + かもしれません
- Noun(Present,affirmative) + かもしれません
- Verb(Present,affirmative) + かもしれません
Example
- 明日雨がふるかもしれません ー It might rain tomorrow
- 彼女はアイドルかもしれませんーShe may be an Idol
- 明日しけんがあるかもしれませんーWe may have a test tomorrow
- 彼は犬が好きかもしれませんーHe might like dogs
- ニューヨークの生活(せいかつ)は高いかもしれませんーLife in NewYork may be expensive
あげる/くれる/もらう
These verbs are used to express the transaction between the people when they exchange something within themselves.
あげる
- When you give something to someone
- When someone give something to someone.
くれる
- When someone gives something to you
- When someone gives something to someone
Pattern
Giver は/が Receiver に Object を あげる/くれる
Example
- 私は友達の誕生日にプレソントをあげますーI gave my firend a present on his birthday
- かれは彼女に花をあげました-He gave her a flower
- ロバットーさんは田中さんに本をあげました-Robert gave Tanaka a book
- お友達は僕にお土産(おみやげ)を買ってくれました-My friend bought me a souvenier
くれる can also be replaced with もらう but the usage pattern changes
Receiver は/が Giverに/から Objectをもらいました
Example
- 森さんはりさんに/からじしょをもらいましたーMori received a dictionary from Lee
~たらどうですか
It is used to convey an advice or recommendation here た comes from the past short form of the verb
Pattern
Past Short Form Verb + どうですか
Example
- もっと勉強したらどうですか-How about studying more?
- ちゃんと水を飲んだらどうですか-How about drinking enough water?
- 少し話したらどうですか — How about we talk a little?
Number + も and Number + しか + Negative
The number + も is used to express “as many as”
Example
- ゆこさんの家に猫が三匹もいますーThere are 3 cats in Ms Yuko’s house
number + しか is used to express “only” or “as few as”
Example
- かれの家に金魚がー匹しかありませんーHe has only one gold fish in his house
